Measuring customers satisfaction Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Measuring customers satisfaction - Research Paper Example The importance of customer satisfaction is that loyal customers are more likely to come back to the same business and this improves the profitability of the company due to increased sales which comes from loyal customers (Tarasi, Bolton, Gustafasson and Walker, 2012). They are likely to come back even if the price is lower on the competitor’s side due to satisfaction they get from their supplier. The loyal customers are likely to recommend to their friends about the satisfaction they get from their supplier hence increasing the customer base of a business leading to realization of more profits. Acquiring a new customer is 20 times harder than maintaining a customer hence its prudent and costly for a business to look into ways of acquiring new customers (Tunner, 2012). Measuring customer satisfaction using American Customer Satisfaction Model (ACSM) This is a cause and effect model with indices for drivers of satisfaction on the left side, satisfaction in the centre and outcome resulting from satisfaction on the right side and both are weighed with several questions within a model. The drivers of customer satisfaction include customer expectation together with perceived quality and perceived values, which are important aspects in measuring customer satisfaction. The questions assesscustomer evaluations of the determinants of each index which are reported on 0 to 100 scales depending on various ways the customer responds in relation to goods and services from the company. The figure below represents the ACSI Model Adopted from http://www.theacsi.org/the-american-customer-satisfaction-index From the above figure, it can be deduced that ACSI has three important component that determine its measurements and they are perceived quality, perceived value and customer expectations. Customer expectation measures customer anticipation of the quality of a company’s product and services and it represents prior consumption experience and a forecast of company’s ability to deliver high quality products in future. The customer’s complaints are measured as a percentage of the respondents who complain and this is used to gauge the various responses in customer satisfaction index (Angelova and Zekiri, 2011). Measuring customer expectation using King County Method This plan establishes three cross cutting guidelines that relate the customer satisfaction, need and the need to improve services in response to customers. This method id service oriented, results focused and innovative in the way that learning from experiences ambles seeking of new results. This method of customer satisfaction focuses on customers, employees and managers hence informing opportunities for general improvements (King County, 2013). The following diagram represents King County Process of Customer Satisfaction measurement Adopted from www.kingcounty.gov Types of industries There are various types of industries on the type of services they provide to their customers over time. Primary industries are concerned with reproduction of goods and are nature oriented industry since they require very little human effort. Manufacturing industries are engaged in transforming raw materials into finished products by the used of machines combined with manpower in a highly specialized environment. Service industries are co

The Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident Essay Example for Free

The Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident Essay Abstract The Fukushima nuclear accident triggered a large-scale nuclear leak, which has had an immeasurable impact on the global ecological environment. This article addresses, in depth, features of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident: during the incident, the impact of the incident, and aspects of the aftermath. Through an analysis of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident, certain referential and significant aspects of the nuclear industry are clear. Introduction: In a strong earthquake, which occurred on the afternoon of March 11, 2011, the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan was severely damaged; this led to a leakage of radioactive substances, causing considerable concern around the world. In recent years the promotion of a low-carbon economy has resulted in nuclear power plants being seen as one of the best producers of low-carbon energy; the accident has raised Governments’ concern. A study of the impact of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on the surrounding environment, as well as how great significance in promoting the development of a global nuclear future. [1] 1. The Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant: the whole story. The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant used the early BWR (Boiling Water Reactor), the standard was low, and had technical defects; poor security was the cause of the accident. The main reason for the accident was the design of the nuclear power plant which did not take into account the double impact of a powerful earthquake and consequential tsunami. In fact, the earthquake did not completely destroy the nuclear power plant; it was the tsunami that followed that destroyed the emergency diesel generators, and caused the whole plant to lose all its internal and external AC power supply. The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactor used water as a coolant and moderator, but the water was boiling in the reactor and changed into steam in the turbine generator. The tsunami led to the loss of the emergency power supply, and the failure of the necessary cooling of the reactor after shutdown. This led to an elevated temperature and a pressure increase; for safety it had to release the steam to release the pressure. The loss of coolant, which it could not efficiently replace, resulted in part or all of the fuel being exposed. BWR steam with radioactive substances were discharged directly through the pressure vessel dry well and then released into the atmosphere. Due to the loss of power, reactor waste heat could not find an appropriate way to escape and the temperature of the core fuel rose causing the shell zirconium to react with steam to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen was released into the plant, and continued to accumulate, finally leading to the explosion in the plant. After the accident, the core melted and was destroyed; this then led to a further expansion of nuclear contamination. [1] 2. The Fukushima Nuclear Effect on Humans Physicist Kirby Kemper, from Florida State University, said that if there was a complete nuclear reactor core melt-down, some of the most radioactive substances, such as uranium and other heavy metals, would drop to the bottom of the pressure vessel, these substance would not be emitted into the atmosphere, and could, by nuclear radiation clean-up personnel, be special process cleaned. However, some of the radioactive chemical substances would be released, fourth grain of sand size particle morphology, these substances include iodine-131, strontium-90, and cesium-137. These are a great threat to the human body, because these radioactive substances can imitate the elements required by the human body’s natural tissue components, such as radioactive iodine-131, and easily enter into the body’s tissues and organs. Radioactive iodine under certain conditions can be rapidly dispersed in the air and water. However, iodine-131‘s half-life is only eight days, which means that in a few months it will completely decay. Radioactive iodine can be dispersed through the air to the human body; it can be deposited on grass which is then eaten by cows. The cows then produce contaminated dairy products and through this transmit it into the human food chain. It may also be deposited on the leaves of vegetables or in seafood and fresh water also for human dietary consumption. [1,2] The half life of strontium-90 is 29.1 years, and due to its chemical properties being similar to calcium, is often found in human bones and teeth. In the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident, there was a large amount of strontium- 90 released into the air, and deposited in the former Soviet Union, Scandinavia and other regions. Strontium-90 goes into the human body through food and drinking water, much of its intake is often associated with bone disease, bone and soft tissue tumors and leukemia. [2,3,4] The half–life of Cesium-137 is 30 years, another high risk substance which is released from a nuclear reactor core and often in the body through food and water intake, or by entering the body through the respiratory organs. A body, which is exposed to Cesium-137, will have an increased risk of cancer. [2,3,4] 3. The Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant and Ecological Problems The Fukushima nuclear power plant accident caused huge ecological environmental hazards; in general it caused pollution. (1) Air Pollution Air causes the spread of nuclear radiation. However, the concentration of radioactive material released into the atmosphere will gradually be diluted with increased distance. It is not biologically transmitted, it is physically spread. Radioactive nuclear substances are spread through atmospheric circulation and dispersion, with attenuation according to the laws of nature. [5] Following the explosion of Unit 1 of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, at around 11.00am on March 14, there was a second hydrogen explosion; this time it occurred in Unit 3. This was followed, at about 6:00am on the 15th, by an explosion in Unit 2, where the reactor vessel was damaged more seriously in two days than compare to the consequences of the explosion of Unit 1. According to monitoring, under the influence of atmospheric movement, the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant released radioactive substances on the 15th more than 20 times the normal standard. This indicates that the explosion caused pollution of the atmosphere and affected the ecological environment of neighboring countries; with atmospheric circulation, these radioactive elements were carried outside of Japan. [5,6] (2) Water Pollution The ground water near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant’s Units 1 and 2 nuclear reactors saw the concentration of radioactive iodine and radioactive cesium surge a number of times, which no doubt contributed to the groundwater pollution. Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant radioactive material continues to flow into the ocean where marine life will be threatened. According to The New York Times, reported that researchers who extracted water samples near the nuclear power plants detected cesium-137 and iodine-131 radioisotope concentration, suggesting that the nuclear leakage accident had caused marine pollution. [7] (3) Soil Pollution Japan’s Kyodo News quoted a Japan Atomic Power Environmental Preparedness Agency expert reporting that in a 600 square km northwest region soil near the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, the radioactive cesium activity was 1.48 million per square meter Becquerel, reaching the Chernobyl nuclear power plant explosion mandatory evacuation standards. This is data obtained by the Japanese Government Commission on Nuclear Energy Research. At the nuclear power plant in the northwest region most severely affected after the Fukushima Unit 1 nuclear power plant accident, the Japanese government evacuated about 80,000 people from the vicinity. Earlier, the Japanese Prime Minister, Naoto Kan, said that the date the people will be able to return their homes will not be earlier than the beginning of the next year. [8,9] (4) Food Chain Contamination University of Florida chemical oceanographer and environmental radioactivity expert, Bill Burnett, said that although iodine’s half-life is only eight days in the short term, there is no doubt that the radiation will be a threat and have an impact on the survival of marine life. But the greater potential impact of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant leakage is from that of cesium, because the decay time of cesium up to 30 years. If marine animals’ intake irradiated plants and small prey, then the marine food chain will be contaminated. Particularly noteworthy, is the fact that algae and other plants quickly absorb iodine. Previous studies have shown that toxic metal and radiation interactions suppress the immune system of vertebrates, causing them to be more susceptible to disease. Consequently, the extent of potential damage to the environment and human health is great. [10] In addition, nuclear power plants and other power plants discharge waste heat. The laws of thermodynamics indicate that the conversion efficiency of thermal energy cannot be 100%. Whether the use coal or solar system, the result will be the same. Modern coal or oil power plant efficiency is up to 40%, the efficiency of nuclear power plants is currently only 33%. Coal power stations release 15% of waste heat through the chimney, and 45% of the water heat from the cooling water discharge. However, 67% of nuclear power plant waste heat is from the cooling water discharged into rivers or sea water. The rising water temperatures caused by this has a significant impact on aquatic life. If the water temperature is too high, it will cause the death of fish, and accelerate the growth of algae, causing the water to lack oxygen. [10] 4. Conclusion Nuclear power is a clean energy source, under normal operation the power plant emissions of radioactive radiation is not large, in fact the radioactive substances emitted by coal-fired power stations is said to be much higher than nuclear power stations. Ultimately, there is no energy that can be said to be absolutely safe and clean. In accepting an energy choice, it is necessary, firstly, to rationally face security risks. Secondly, reactor technology and security is under a process of development. The problems faced by nuclear power plants, through the Fukushima incident, are a very important reference point for nuclear power to improve its security program. For example, nuclear power plants should not be placed in an earthquake zone, particularly not on a fracture layer. The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant design, while taking the impact of earthquakes into account, ignored the impact of a consequential tsunami. The nuclear power plant disaster illustrates the need to take multiple natural disasters into account. Furthermore, nuclear power plant design needs to attach importance to the development of emergency plans rationality and feasibility in the event of an accident. With a belief in continuing scientific and technological progress, the security of nuclear power plants of the future should continue to improve. [11,12] References [1] Fukushima: What happened – and what needs to be done. BBC. 10 April 2011. Retrieved 22 April 2011. [2]Takenaka, Kiyoshi (12 March 2011). Japans TEPCO preparing to release radiation from second reactor. Reuters. Retrieved 12 March 2011. [3]Radiation levels spike at Japanese nuclear plant. CNN. 15 March 2011. Retrieved 15 March 2011 [4]Frank N. von Hippel (September/October 2011 vol. 67 no. 5). The radiological and psychological consequences of the Fukushima Daiichi accident. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. pp. 27–36. [5]Hydrogen explosions Fukushima nuclear plant: what happened? Unit 1 nuclear power plant Fukushima Pressure. TEPCO. Retrieved 8 April 2011. [6]3 nuclear reactors melted down after quake, Japan confirms. CNN. 7 June 2011. Retrieved 13 July 2011. [7]Radioactive water from Japan nuclear plant leaks in sea. BBC News. 2 April 2011. Retrieved 7 April 2011. [8]Timeline: Japan power plant crisis. BBC News. 13 March 2011. Retrieved 15 March 2011. [9]Japans unfolding disaster bigger than Chernobyl'. New Zealand Herald. 2 April 2011. [10] â€Å"Fukushima. Radioactive Cesium Contmination of Japan’s Food Chain.† 3 August, 2012. [11]Fukushima faced 14-metre tsunami. World Nuclear News. 23 March 2011. Retrieved 24 March 2011. [12]Justin McCurry. Japan raises nuclear alert level to seven. The Guardian. 12 April 2011

The Negative Effects of Media on Society Essay -- Television, Video Ga

Children are exposed to the negative effects of the media every day. Shows such as Bad Girls’ Club and Real World serve as poor role models for young people. There are many steps parents and guardians can take to lessen or completely stop the influence. Parents and guardians should offer children proper supervision, plenty of play, and education to shield them from the negative effects of the media. A very effective way to keep children from the negative influences of the media is to properly supervise. Overly excessive interaction with violent movies, music, and video games can influence a child’s behavior. Becoming media literate may help gain control. Parents should know what kind of media children are interested in and should keep them from watching any inappropriate material, and all programs should be age appropriate. Most television shows and movies announce the age preferences at the beginning of the program. Parents should be aware and strictly limit your children, also â€Å"limit children’s total media time (with entertainment media) to no more than 1 to 2 hours of quality programming per day† (Shelov and Bar-on, par. 9). Children who watch a lot of television can end up doing poorly in school. This should give them time to do more productive activities with their free time. Caregivers should pay careful attention to the shows school children are viewing. They should approve only programs that are â€Å"informational, educational, and nonviolent† (Shelov and Bar-on, par. 9). Caregivers should watch television programs along with young people. Also, they should discuss the content of a program with the children. (Shelov and Bar-on, par. 9). I remember growing up in my grandparents’ home, where we spent quality time together, wa... ...(â€Å"Achieve a Balance, 32). Although, my team mates and I disagreed on many things, the game taught us to come together and talk it through until we came to an agreement. â€Å"By giving children a way to expend their energy, sports can be a vehicle to achieve peace† (â€Å"Achieve a Balance†, 32). These three steps can help parents, guardians, and all other caregivers bring peace and serenity to a child’s life. All the wrong television shows, music, and video games can be damaging beyond repair. Music by artists such as Gucci Mane and Wocka Flocka can teach your child that bad habits such as smoking marijuana can be okay. Video games such as Grand Theft Auto and Saints Row may teach your child that they can get away with any crime and that gang violence is acceptable. Starting your child off early with healthy activities can benefit you and your child in the future.

Chromatography: How can we separate a mixture?

PurposeThe chromatography lab is to understand how molecules with similar molecular properties can be separated with paper chromatography. These differences will be interpreted to see the distinction of separate chemical substances.Pre Lab Questions1. Explain capillary action as it pertains to water and paper.Capillary action makes water draw up the paper. As paper absorbs water mixes with the solutions in the paper.2. What is the Rf value in a chromatography experiment?Rf = Distance travelled by the solute from the original line/distance travelled by the solvent from the original line3. If a molecule has a high affinity for the stationary phase, how is the Rf value affected?High affinity for the stationary phase affects the Rf value by lower Rf values.4. If a molecule has high affinity for the mobile phase, how is the Rf value affected?The Rf value will be higher5. Imagine you are doing a chromatography experiment with a polar solvent and a molecule containing a carbonyl group. Woul d the Rf value be high or low? Explain.The Rf value would be predicted as being low because it would tend to stick to the paper more.6. Why must a pencil be used, instead of a pen or marker when marking chromatography plates?A pencil is being used when parking chromatography plates because the ink could take part in reacting with the substance that it is placed in.7. Why should latex gloves be worn when preparing chromatography plates?Latex gloves should be worn to prevent contamination of the chromatogram8. The sample fine thin-layer chromatography plate, shown below, was prepared by spotting methyl red at R, sudan III at S, and bromocresol green at G. A single drop of each was placed on M. The plate was put in the developing solution until the solvent front reached 10 cm. Estimate the retention factor of R,S, and G, by measuring to the middle of the spot.0.625 ; .369. Describe how the TLC plate shown in question #8 was improperly prepared. For thin layer chromatography the adsorbe nt is coated as a thin layer onto a suitable support. This layer substance mixture is separated by elution with a suitable solvent.10. Suppose that, while one of the chromatography plates is developing, the beaker is accidently bumped, and the developing solution splashes on the TLC plate. Explain how this would influence the results.The results would shift dramatically towards the selected solution before.Materials List:Food dye solutions, 3 colors and an â€Å"unknown† dye mixture Sodium chloride solution Isopropyl alcohol Paper chromatography plates Capillary tubes Pencil Five 250-mL beakers Plastic wrap Metric ruler Lab notebook Latex gloves, safety goggles, lab apronsProcedure: Activity 11. Wearing latex gloves, obtain ten chromatography plates, as directed by the instructor. Prepare each chromatography plate by marking lightly with pencil, a line at the bottom. Draw two small dots on the bottom line. Place the labels B (blue) and R (red) below the dots on the line. Repe at with the yellow food dye (Y) on another chromatography paper. Prepare the remaining eight plates the same way so that you have five sets of chromatography plates. 2. Properly prepare 250 mL beakers3. Cover 250 mL beakers with plastic wrap 4. Prepare 10 mL of below solution and place them in the beakers. Label with the mobile phase composition. a. 1% salt water b. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (3:1) mixture c. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (1:1) mixture d. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (1:3) mixture e. isopropyl alcohol 5. cover each beaker with a piece of plastic wrap 6. Prepare 1 mL of each dye solution 7. Place one drop of blue food dye with the capillary tube 8. Do this for the â€Å"R† (separate capillary tube) 9. Do this for the â€Å"Y† (separate capillary tube) 10. Allow droplet to fully dry 11. Gently lower one of the plates into one of the 250-mL developing solution beakers, ensuring that the dry food dye spots are at the bottom.Ensure that  no solv ent splashes onto the chromatography plate above the initial solvent level 12. Carefully re-cover the 250-mL beaker13. The solvent will quickly rise through the plate. Allow until  ¾ way 14. Once the solvent level has reached the maximum height, quickly remove the plate from the 250-mL beaker and mark the exact point of the solvent front before the solvent evaporates. (will take longer) 15. Mark the plate with the identity of the developing solution composition. Set the plate face-up to allow it to dry 16. Replace the plastic wrap cover on the 250-mL beaker17. Repeat steps 7-16 with each of the other developing solutions. Ensure that each plate is properly marked and labeled 18. Measure the distance between the bottom line and the upper solvent line on each plate. Record this information in the data table 1 for the corresponding developing solution 19. Identify and circle each spot corresponding to the indicator dyes on each of the chromatography plates 20. Measure the distance be tween the bottom line and the center of each indicator spot (B,R andY) on each plate. Record this data in the corresponding data table 21. Ask the instructor whether the chromatography plates should be retained or disposed off

Commandants Research Paper

Cattle rustling is â€Å"the stealing of grazing cattle† [1]. The term originated from the United States, where pioneer farmers grazed cattle on huge ranches that were difficult to patrol. [2] In Uganda, cattle rustling is rampant in North-eastern part of the country (Karamoja region), a semi-arid land area. The region has dominant pastoral ethnic groups which include the Dodoth, Jie, Bakora, Matheniko and the Pian all of whom are referred to generally as Karamojong.Traditionally, cattle rustling within the pastoral communities was sanctioned and controlled by elders as a means of testing a person’s personal bravery and prowess. In the recent past however, there has emerged a new system of predatory exploitation of economic resources in the form of cattle rustling and banditry. This problem is manifesting itself in various forms and is becoming endemic in north-eastern Uganda.There has been a tendency by scholars to trivialize the issue of cattle rustling as a mere cult ural practice, yet over a period of time there have emerged new trends, tendencies and dynamics, leading to commercialization of the practice. The phenomenon of cattle rustling has caused a breakdown in social order, economic hardships and insecurity in North-eastern Uganda. 2. During post colonial period, different Ugandan governments have adopted anti-pastoral policies leading to loss of land vital for the survival of the Karamajong herds.Today, the menace of cattle rustling in this area has reached unprecedented proportions in nature and scale due to a number of factors including; government policies, socio-political and ecological limitations. The subsequent intervention by government saw to it that disarmament programs were the most viable solution to cease and remove all illegal gun usage by the Karamojong. To date however, all the disarmament programs initiated by government have not solved the problem. 3.This paper is written for the commandant Ghana Armed Forces Command and Staff College as a partial fulfilment for the award of a Pass Staff Course (psc). It seeks to analyse the problems of cattle rustling and banditry activities in Uganda, by examining the historical background of the pastoralists, causes and effects of cattle rustling, attempts by government to address it and finally proposes solutions deemed appropriate. The paper relied mainly on written materials, which included articles, books, reports and journals.The findings could not be comprehensively expressed within the limits of 4,000 words; consequently there was the constraint of space. AIM 4. The aim of this paper is to examine the problems of cattle rustling in Uganda with a view to recommending appropriate solution. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF KARAMOJA PASTORALISTS 5. Karamojong is a generic term that refers to a group of pastoralists from the Nilo-Hamite ethnic group living in North-eastern Uganda. The region is popularly known as Karamoja and their language is Akaramojong.The communit y comprises five ethnic groupings namely Dodoth, Jie, Bakora, Matheniko and the Pian totaling about 12% of Uganda’s population of 24. 7million. Their history and culture closely interlocks with that of their neighboring pastoralists, the Turkana in Northwestern Kenya. Cattle are crucial within this community not just for subsistence but also for the payment of bride price, which is the basis of establishing bond partnerships within the Karamojong community. [3] The history of the pastoralist organized raids and predatory expansion predate European colonialism of the nineteenth century.During pre-colonialism, pastoralists of the region had been accustomed to the independence and freedom of openly carrying firearms they had for many decades obtained from Arab slave traders and merchants from the East African coast. [4] Karamoja community had a thriving pastoral economy through trade in ironware and livestock with the Turkana of Kenya. They lived peacefully within the Rudolf Pro vince of Uganda where they shared natural resources through a system of social reciprocity, before the colonial delimitation sliced through their grazing areas. 6.The redrawing of boundaries by Britain in 1926 transferred Uganda’s Rudolf province to Kenya and created the present republics of Kenya and Uganda[5]. The colonialists wanted the pastoralists confined within the respective boundaries and to respect the invisible meridians that delineated the newly created states. Since ancient times however, pastoralism involved the protection of livestock from wild animals; later on protection against human thieves also became necessary. These considerations made it prudent for pastoralists to be armed, which was viewed as a threat by the colonial authority.On account of this, each pastoral ethnic community was ordered to surrender to the colonialists the guns they acquired in the mid 19th century. The pastoralists refused to surrender guns peacefully, forcing colonialists to condu ct a disarmament operation which was unsuccessful in that the pastoralists simply re-located to rugged mountainous terrain out of reach of the colonial patrols. 7. Nevertheless, Karamoja and Turkana regions were declared closed districts, where movement within and outside was restricted without a valid pass. 6] By the late nineteenth century the Karamojong adopted a settled form of pastoralism through which only animals are moved in search of pasture while the families settle permanently in given locations. Consequently, the restriction of movement limited free access to grazing land and water and further increased the social conflict among the pastoralists over the little available grazing area. The redrawing of boundaries and restrictions on movement affected the pastoralists whose mode of nomadism results from ecological demands necessitating mobility. 8.At the outbreak of the Second World War, Britain recruited the Karamojong into the army in recognition of their ethno-military culture and existing dexterity with firearms and knowledge of harsh physical terrain. Karamojong also served with distinction as soldiers for the Kings African Rifles (KAR) during military campaigns conducted in Africa and Asia. After political independence from Britain in 1962, the government of Uganda continued to exclude the Karamoja region from the socio-economic and political developments that were taking place in other areas of the country.The community lacked road communication and infrastructures that could generate local employment. Karamoja region therefore remained economically deprived hence failed to gravitate to the rhythm of statehood and instead strengthened their primordial identity. 9. In 1979, the Karamojong acquired large quantities of automatic rifles following the routing of President Idi Amin from Uganda by an alliance of Tanzanian People’s Defence Force and Ugandan exiles. One major source was the Moroto barracks which the fleeing soldiers abandoned in tact thus allowing the Karamojong to help themselves to unlimited quantity of small arms and ammunition. 7] Hence, the Karamojong strengthened their raiding capacity using the skills gained in the colonial wars and the modern automatic rifles looted from Moroto barracks to revitalize the tradition of dynastic raids and predatory expansion. The long time exclusion of the Karamojong from the socio-economic development by the government also accounts as a cause of the new form of banditry. CAUSES OF CATTLE RUSTLING IN UGANDA 10. Cattle rustling phenomenon has undergone fundamental transformation from a cultural practice of testing a person’s personal bravery and prowess to banditry and bloody warfare between various groups.Cattle raids within the pastoral communities often constitute a communal response to natural calamities, although it is a primitive survival strategy, on the overall, raiding has the impact of creating a desperate cycle of continuous raids as each group in the region sees it as a means for re-stocking. Thus the social dilemmas created by frequent natural disasters appear to be the major catalysts of the cattle-rustling phenomenon in the borderlands. Cattle rustling activities in Uganda is therefore, as a result of; ecological limitations, government policies, external political and economic factors. 8] 11. Ecological Limitations. The Karamoja area has an ecological feature of a semi-arid savannah, bush and mountains with varying rain pattern. In pre-colonial times, pastoral societies used migrations as a panacea[9] for droughts, but the impositions of boundaries and restrictions on movement destroyed this possibility, and were totally at variance with the understanding of boundaries by the pastoralists who responded to ecological demands. These measures greatly affected the grazing patterns by the pastoralists from their long time experience with ecological hardships.Ecological limitations further forced pastoralists to choose breeds whi ch may not necessarily be profitable in milk, blood, and meat yield but can endure extreme drought and survive long distances. The fixed boundaries as a result of government policies were drawn with little regard to seasonal variations and the need of the pastoral community for pasture. Consequently, massive deaths of cattle resulting from droughts and limited grazing area led to raids as one of the options for replenishing the depleted stocks. 12. Government Policies.As a result of colonial and post colonial government policies, the Karamajong lost a considerable portion of land through the redrawing of national boundaries of Kenya, Uganda and Sudan, gazetting of national parks and the establishment of Moroto barracks that left much of their grazing areas outside Uganda. They were also expelled from the newly created Game park of Kidepo, and protected forests. From then, the pastoral community developed a highly sophisticated approach to sharing scarce grazing land and water in an unstable ecological system.The adoption of a settled form of pastoralism through which only animals are moved in search of pasture and water while the families settle permanently in given locations entailed the development of hostilities among the various groups over grazing grounds and water spots. They often abandon their homes to temporary encampments in search of pasture, occasionally crossing to neighbouring districts including the border to Tukana land in North-western Kenya[10]. Consequently, the alienation of the Karamajong communities from the resources they once used set the stage for them to seek survival strategies through mobile pastoralism.The high rate of illiteracy and unemployment among the youth who view cattle rustling and banditry as the only way to livelihood is another factor contributing to the banditry activities in the region coupled with external political factors. 13. External Political Factors. External political factors have increased the instability of pastoralist groups inhabiting remote regions of Northeastern Uganda and Northwestern Kenya. In particular, political fragmentation and civil wars have had domino effect on the Karamojong and Turkana.They have played host or been caught up in armed conflicts between various factions and in the event lost livestock in big numbers. The pastoralists have from time to time had heavy clashes with the rebels who come to loot livestock. Specifically, the civil war in Southern Sudan between the government of Sudan and the Sudan Peoples Liberation Army (SPLA) and the sporadic rebel movements of the Lords Resistance Movement (LRA) in Northeastern Uganda. The Uganda, Kenya and Sudan border region is so awash with small arms that one ethnic pastoral group will use guns for part payment of dowry when taking a bride from the other.Whereas cattle have a symbolic role in marriage and in the social-political and economic life of herders, their substitution with modern firearms indicates that arms bea ring has acquired a significant role in the spiritual and material culture of the pastoral community of Uganda. 14. Economic Factors. Another cause of cattle rustling which has become more entrenched in the last few decades is that of economic self-acquisition motives. Raids motivated by such tendencies do not occur as a response to ecological or natural calamities. Such raids occur at any time with the aim of acquiring animals for commercial purposes and individual gain.While the first category of raids hinges on communal interests and is monitored by the community through social norms, the latter is based entirely on private interests and controlled by armed kraal leaders. This has led to the emergence of cattle warlords. [11] Consequently, cattle rustling have emerged into a new system of predatory exploitation of economic resources in the form of banditry and raids intended to accumulate wealth resulting into adverse effects in the region. EFFECTS OF CATTLE RUSTLING 15. Traditio nally, cattle rustling were a cultural practice that was regarded as a kind of sports to test a person’s bravery among the astoralists and was sanctioned by elders. Today, however, new forms of banditry and cattle rustling have emerged, over which the elders have no control. In the last three decades, a number of pastoral societies have become militarized and increasingly rely on firearms. A few randomly selected incidents will illustrate the severity of the problem. In September 1997, fifty Bakora ethnic communities were killed in a 4 a. m. raid by Pokot cattle raiders numbering about one thousand. The Pokot were armed with AK 47 assault rifles and about stole 7,000 cattle.In March 1999, Pokot gunmen again attacked a Matheniko village killing 30 people before escaping with 2,000 heads of cattle. However, what was most disturbing was the fact that the rustlers burned food crops; gang raped women and set huts on fire. Later, an attack in February 2000 by the Ugandan Karamojong on Kenyan Pokot killed over hundred people and stole about 1,800 cattle and 5,000 sheep. Cosequently, cattle raiding in north-eastern Uganda have undergone fundamental changes in terms of nature and scale, effects of which can be viewed from the level of insecurity, socio-political and economic impacts in the region. 6. Socio – Political and Economic Impact. Cattle rustling have caused untold suffering in the Karamoja region which has led to loss of many human lives and displacement of various population and groups within Karamoja and its neighbouring districts. The twin phenomena of banditry and cattle rustling have become endemic in the region, affecting a big population of the area with kraal leaders having a field day in this environment of lawlessness. The idle and impoverished youths are easily manipulated by the kraal heads to join their private raiding armies to conduct raids. 12] Karamojong youth seems to be happy in enlisting into these banditry and cattle raiding armies, which they feel, is synonymous to defending societal interest against an enemy, the State. Because of the state of anarchy and lawlessness in the region, it is very difficult to implement any economic developmental projects; hence people live in abject poverty. Government officers, NGOs and the business community based in the area live in constant fear of the bandits.The social dilemmas created by frequent natural disasters such as drought also appear to be a major catalyst of the cattle-rustling phenomenon within the pastoral community. Subsequently, the often wanton destruction of life and property and the use of terror by the rustlers have in all its manifestations undermined the sense of value, dignity and harmony hence, a major source of insecurity and undevelopment in the region. 17. Insecurity. The new form of banditry activities in northeastern Uganda has resulted in the emergence of cattle warlords with armed militia to protect their interests.The violence, chaos an d insecurity have become the dominant feature in the region. Cattle warlordism is a new phenomenon which has emerged among the Karamojong since the 1980s, the warlords have created strong and heavily armed private armies which, apart from providing them local security, also go on cattle raids, near and far. Violence and warfare in the process of cattle raiding and looting of other property have created an environment of insecurity and tension in the region extending to neighbouring districts.State officials, especially security forces, involved in the disarmament operation are also perpetrating acts of violence and insecurity in the region, for example; in 1984, a joint disarmament exercise involving Ugandan military and Kenyan paramilitary police flopped when the soldiers involved in the program indiscriminately killed Karamojong and looted thousands of cattle. Since the post colonial period, the State has also been implicated in the confiscation of livestock recovered after raids. [13] The warlords have very many retainers whom they send on raids, while they maintain and supervise the raiding party.They have therefore; become the final authority on cattle relations, overriding the traditional powers of the elders. Consequently, the insecurity in the region is perpetuated by both State operatives involved in the disarmament operations and the warlords. GOVERNMENT ATEMPTS TO STOP CATTLE RUSTLING 18. Efforts to pacify Karamoja have been the concern of successesive regimes in the colonial times through to post colonial period. During the colonial time, Britain declared Karamoja a closed district where movement within and outside was restricted without a valid pass.In a bid to restrict transhumance, the policy had the impact of pauperizing the Karamoja community who previously had a thriving pastoral economy through trade in ironware and livestock with the Turkana of Kenya. After independence in 1962, Uganda perpetuated British policies which included gun control laws, but pastoralists across the borders to the North and East had access to modern firearms, which facilitated raids. During the 1980s at the height of cattle rustling, government initiated another attempt to disarm the Karamojong which efforts were forcefully repelled.In 1984, a joint disarmament exercise with the Kenya paramilitary police flopped when the military involved in the program indiscriminately killed Karamojong and stole cattle. [14] Consequently, the conduct of the military involved in the disarmament operation partly a caused the failure of the earlier disarmament attempts. 19. In 1986, a program to re-establish authority of the state in Karamoja region was initiated to control cattle rustling, and consolidate the security in the region. The state’s opinion was that, the pastoral communities were conservative, slow to adapt to change and in many respects actually against change.In view of that, several units of the army were deployed in Karamoja, unfortunate ly, the army itself became the source of insecurity in the region; use of force to disarm the Karamajong warriors meant declaring war against them, hence, the high handedness with which the army dealt with security issues alienated the pastoral communities even more. [15] Efforts by government to fight cattle rustling are laudable, but its strategy seem short-term and unlikely to succeed without fully grasping the significance of ethno-military identity of the Karamojong and their agro-pastoral neighbours, the Turkana of Kenya.Consequently, government have not achieved enduring peace in Karamoja region because of the inability to address the root causes of cattle rustling in the area and the factors that have led to failure of the previous disarmament and pacification attempts. SOLUTIONS DEEMED APPROPRIATE 20. Grass root planning approach involving all stake holders in the disarmament programmes and messages should be designed, with emphasis on assuaging the pastoralist’s per sonal fears about their security through deliberate confidence-building and provision of security.The surrender of guns should be preceded by intensive and extensive sensitisation programmes through meetings; media programmes, churches, NGOs, seminars and community based programmes. Kraal leaders should be the core of mobilization, sensitisation and concretisation programmes and efforts-targeting the youth. Properly planned, simultaneous and coordinated approach to disarmament programme should be initiated to involve all stake holders. 21. Simultaneous and Coordinated Disarmament.Government should plan and conduct a peaceful disarmament operation and closely monitor it through the establishment of disarmament committees at all levels. Adoption of standardised disarmament operational procedures and developing strategies aimed at eradicating trafficking in small arms. Appointing a regional disarmament committee composed of both the military and civic leaders in the region. Liaison Off icers should be appointed in the affected areas of Kenya and Uganda at regional and local levels to coordinate the disarmament operation.Government should undertake joint planning of disarmament operations between Kenya and Uganda and establish civil military coordination centre with appropriate humanitarian and civic action programmes. Government should conduct human rights training and sensitisation to the armed forces that will undertake forceful disarmament. There should be plans to improve on the existing social and physical structures and construction of new ones. 22. Social and Physical Infrastructure. Government should improve on the existing roads and drainage structures in the region and invest in water provision for livestock.Developing appropriate rain water harvesting technologies would make surface water run-off available for small-scale irrigated agriculture and watering livestock. Government should undertake improvement of the existing roads and construct new ones as prioritised for easy communication. It should construct more boreholes and collaborate with development partners in the region to undertake labour-based rehabilitation of existing valley dams and construct new ones. All these activities should be coupled with mass mobilization and sensitization of the local population ithin the pastoral community. 23. Mobilisation and Sensitization. There should be regular planning for community mobilisation, sensitisation and education campaigns which should target the whole community. Integration of traditional institutions of elders, kraal leaders, youth and women in the decision making regarding containment of insecurity and implementation of integrated disarmament activities should be first on the pacification agenda. Specifically, this should target the youth in the community who are vibrant in banditry activities.Mobilisation and sensitisation campaigns for voluntary disarmament and establishment of a system of co-ordination with the militar y at sub-county level through Liaison should be established. The kraal leaders should be encouraged to plan and execute grazing movements with local military commanders and emphasize the use of communal grazing grounds. There should be regular joint security meetings between Kenya and Uganda to coordinate civil military activities and identify arms markets with a view to total closure and arrest of those involved in order to establish law and order in the region. 4. Establishment of Law and Order. There is need for government to strengthen the capacity of the police to maintain law and order during and after disarmament operation. This could be achieved by the establishment of mobile courts to expedite trials of those persons found with illegal weapons and recruitment of the indigenous who qualify into the regular civil police force to serve in the region. Government should undertake further study on the traditional justice administration systems of the pastoralists to find best way s to integrate positive aspects in the modern system.Government should initiate methods of easy identification of cattle within the pastoral community. 25. Branding Animals. Government should enforce branding of livestock as a security measure to stem livestock thefts and for purposes of census and identity. Train livestock owners to maintain proper records regarding their herds, for example the colours of their cattle. Provide and improve services like veterinary for branding exercise in Karamoja region and the neighbouring. 26. Improved Services.Government should provide support for education in the region through the establishment of free government-aided boarding primary and secondary schools to effect attitude change against the gun, cow and cattle rustling, hence reduce recruitment of the youth into warrior-hood. Compulsory primary education for all children of school-going age should be introduced and civic education enhanced for adults. Peace and conflict resolution subjects should be incorporated as a unit in the curriculum at primary and secondary school levels.Government should support and intensify livestock disease control by undertaking mass vaccination of livestock against common diseases. It should enhance an appropriate agricultural extension service delivery system which takes into account the specific constraints in the area. Healthcare facilities and services should be extended to the region to reach all the communities and efforts put to strengthen and improve water and sanitation, rehabilitate dilapidated health facilities and services in the region. 27. Rewards/Recognition. There should be resettlement packages that benefit the community and the gun-owners surrendering guns.This could be in monetary and other items like iron sheets, ox-ploughs etc to change the livelihood of the pastoralists. Award of certificates and or medals for recognition would also be appropriate. CONCLUSION 28. The twin phenomena of banditry and cattle rustling in north-eastern Uganda have had adverse effects on the people of the region by creating an environment of violence and insecurity. Cattle rustling have undergone fundamental transformation from a cultural practice to a commercial venture organized and bankrolled by cattle warlords.There is therefore, a significant connection between environmental conflict and the insecurity created by cattle rustling and banditry in north-eastern-Uganda. The redrawing of national boundaries and restrictions on movement affected the pastoralists since their mode of nomadism results from ecological demands necessitating mobility. (Para 6, 7, and 11) 29. Cattle raiding have the impact of creating a desperate cycle of continuous raids as each group in the region sees it as a means for re-stocking.Raiding has been portrayed as a factor that is embedded in the pastoralists’ mentality and that can only be eradicated by the discontinuation of pastoralism, however, the social dilemmas created by freque nt natural disasters appear to be the major catalysts of the cattle-rustling phenomenon in the pastoralist community. State officials, especially security forces involved in the region are also perpetrating acts of violence and insecurity; they have been implicated in the confiscation of livestock recovered after raids.Cattle warlordism is a new phenomenon which has emerged among the Karamojong since the 1980s and is also responsible for the current violence and warfare. (Para 15 and 16). 30. Various attempts have been made by the Ugandan government to exercise a strong level of control over the pastoralists and to stop cattle rustling. The aim of which has been to pacify the pastoralists and to ensure peace and order in the region. The methods used has had several implications which has tended to present the pastoralists as unreliable people and prone to violence.Important decisions and policies affecting the mode of existence of the pastoralists should therefore not just be forced down their throats without their active involvement from the initial stages to the implementation process. Pastoralism cannot be simply dismissed; they have demonstrated economic and social acumen in the exploitation of their arid homelands, which are too arid for anything but nomadic. Government appear to have failed to achieve enduring peace in Karamoja because of the inability to address the root causes of cattle rustling in the area and the factors that have led to failure of the previous disarmament attempts. Para 17 and18). RECOMMENDATIONS 31. Government policy makers must take cognisance of the root causes of cattle rustling and identify how the ecologically related threat to peace can be contained, lessened or eradicated. Sustainable development requires grassroots support, and therefore important decisions and policies affecting the mode of existence of the pastoralists should not be simply imposed on them without their active participation from the beginning. 32.There is need for government to initiate people focused economic reforms to involve land tenure that could minimize resource conflicts and open up rural based agro-pastoral industries to improve livestock productivity to create local employment. 33. There is need for government to strengthen the capacity to maintain law and order in the region, most importantly disarmament should be calculated to win the hearts and minds. Services like compulsory education, health centres and hospitals, construction of roads, provision of clean water for human consumption and sinking of valley dams for livestock should be provided to the region.

The eNotes Blog Celiac University Tips for Eating Gluten-Free onCampus

Celiac University Tips for Eating Gluten-Free onCampus Living a gluten-free life is tough enough no fluffy, flaky pastries, no thick pizza crusts, and definitely no sandwiches. But being gluten-free (or having any other dietary restrictions) on a university campus can be a whole new level of tough. When all of your friends are hungry from studying at 1:00 am and want to go out for pizza or grab snacks from the market downstairs, you have to either head home early, or politely ask for a  gluten-free option. Remember what I said about no thick pizza crusts? Gluten-free pizza crusts tend be thin and dough-y (ick), and after the first time your friends are subjected to what tastes like an undercooked piece of cardboard you just might not be invited to the next study party. So how do you eat gluten-free on your new university campus and still have a great time? Stock up your dorm Most university campuses dont offer gluten-free options (yet!), and those that do dont have much to boast about, so go to your local market or grocery store and see if it has a gluten-free section. If it does, this is where you stock up. Also, hit the fresh fruits and veggies section! Things that naturally dont contain gluten are always a safe bet, and can also be a healthy choice. Once your dorm is stocked, make sure your backpack is, too. Its not going to be as easy for you to grab food on the go as it is for your classmates, so be prepared. Its always better to have a snack on you than to be hungry and unable to find anything gluten-free to eat. Know your territory Get familiar with the restaurants in your area that offer gluten-free options. Again, when everyone else will have the option of hitting the cafeteria, you wont. Because gluten-free food can be a little more expensive, get familiar with the places that offer gluten-free food, and pick a few favorites. You can search for restaurants with options here. Lay down the law (sort of) If you leave to hit the books with some friends and you know theres the possibility of eating afterward, bring something with you. This can seem like a lot of work, and it is, but avoiding gluten can affect even your social life. When youre first getting to know people, making a bit more effort with with your dietary restriction can help make a good impression. However, after a bit of time, tell your friends that a compromise is definitely in order. You dont get much choice when it comes to eating, and they should be understanding of that. Suggest only eating at restaurants that offer gluten-free options, when ordering pizza, order one thats gluten-free and friends in the group can trade off who splits it with you. Bottom line; make it clear that your dietary restriction isnt going to go away, and it has to be considered. Eating gluten-free on a university campus is completely doable, it just takes a little extra work. Do you have any advice for living gluten-free on campus? Share your gluten-free experiences with us!

Free Essays on Settings In Wuthering Heights

Settings in Wuthering Heights In the novel, Wuthering Heights, Brontà « often sets the scene with imagery depicting settings and weather changes. The setting descriptions are indicative of the characters’ traits. This is apparent immediately in the novel when Lockwood questions the title of the house. Lockwood is quoted spinning the word â€Å"Wuthering† in his head. Wuthering is defined as â€Å"being a significant provincial adjective, descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed to stormy weather.† Lockwood refers to the moors as the station exposed to stormy weather. The moors are mentioned throughout the novel as a setting that brings fierce winds to its inhabitants. The evil and darkness of the characters are foreshadowed by the swampy, stormy bogs. All those who inhabit Wuthering Heights are considerably pervert and have bad intentions, like the constant revenge seeking Heathcliff and Hareton characters. Lockwood notes the eerie chill in the air once he reaches the gates of Wuthering Heights. The very presence of the house makes him â€Å"shiver through every limb.† The iciness of the air surrounds only Wuthering Heights. This conveys the general corruptive nature the characters possess. Heavy snowfall begins immediately after Lockwood enters through the gates. The coldness continues then into the house as Heathcliff shows his inhospitality and lack of concerns for others. Heathcliff offers Lockwood little food or drink as the guest in his house. He extends no helping hand when Lockwood is attacked by his vicious dogs and refuses to send a guide with Lockwood on his journey home. He is stubbornly hesitant to let Lockwood stay the night to avoid the storm even though he has a terrible cold. An essential scene in the storyline occurs when Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff overhears Catherine telling Nelly that she simply cannot marry Heathcliff. His anger dri... Free Essays on Settings In Wuthering Heights Free Essays on Settings In Wuthering Heights Settings in Wuthering Heights In the novel, Wuthering Heights, Brontà « often sets the scene with imagery depicting settings and weather changes. The setting descriptions are indicative of the characters’ traits. This is apparent immediately in the novel when Lockwood questions the title of the house. Lockwood is quoted spinning the word â€Å"Wuthering† in his head. Wuthering is defined as â€Å"being a significant provincial adjective, descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed to stormy weather.† Lockwood refers to the moors as the station exposed to stormy weather. The moors are mentioned throughout the novel as a setting that brings fierce winds to its inhabitants. The evil and darkness of the characters are foreshadowed by the swampy, stormy bogs. All those who inhabit Wuthering Heights are considerably pervert and have bad intentions, like the constant revenge seeking Heathcliff and Hareton characters. Lockwood notes the eerie chill in the air once he reaches the gates of Wuthering Heights. The very presence of the house makes him â€Å"shiver through every limb.† The iciness of the air surrounds only Wuthering Heights. This conveys the general corruptive nature the characters possess. Heavy snowfall begins immediately after Lockwood enters through the gates. The coldness continues then into the house as Heathcliff shows his inhospitality and lack of concerns for others. Heathcliff offers Lockwood little food or drink as the guest in his house. He extends no helping hand when Lockwood is attacked by his vicious dogs and refuses to send a guide with Lockwood on his journey home. He is stubbornly hesitant to let Lockwood stay the night to avoid the storm even though he has a terrible cold. An essential scene in the storyline occurs when Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff overhears Catherine telling Nelly that she simply cannot marry Heathcliff. His anger dri...

10 Jobs Where You Can Be a Hero

10 Jobs Where You Can Be a Hero Remember when you were young and full of promise and passion and thought that no matter what you decided to do when you grew up, it would be something big and important? That you would make the world a better place? Well, you’re never too old to follow through on your old do-gooder dreams. And often those who work in fields where they are constantly giving back to the world are most fulfilled. Whether you’re just starting out and want to make a difference, or you’re changing jobs because you’re tired of not making a difference, here are a few jobs where you can be the one who saves the day. 1. TeacherUndersung and underpaid, this is one of the most important jobs for shaping the way the world will be. Teach the next generation to be better than ours. Teach them to think and to feel and to have compassion. Help them understand the context of what’s come before and how history has a way of repeating itself unless old mistakes are avoided. Mold new her oes! Build up society with a bunch of inspired and inspirational wee people!2. NurseThese everyday heroes are also undersung and also underpaid. Imagine a hospital without them. Doctors would be utterly helpless. 90% of the actual care patients receive is usually from nurses. Save lives, help people through their hardest moments, care for babies and the dying†¦ it’s all of life and death in one rewarding job.3. Computer ScientistAt first glance, this career might not seem like a heroic one, but just think how much computers and apps are currently shaping our lives. Be in charge of coming up with the software and programs that solve the most dire problems of our time.4. Police OfficerThe world always needs more good guys- even the men and women in blue. Be one of them. Help make the shift toward community policing. Be an example for how all Americans can coexist safely and with respect. And save lives while you’re doing it. Work your way up to chief and you can rea lly shape a department and bring communities together.5. Early Childhood EducationBefore they hit the classroom, kids hang out with ECE teachers, who are usually responsible for kids’ early math and literacy skills, plus learning how to interact (and share) with others. ECE teachers are on the front lines of child development.6. Non-Profit Executive DirectorIt may take a while to get up to this level, and non-profit sector employees often report high stress and low pay. However,  if you’re driven by the mission of your organization and truly passionate, then you do have a massive opportunity to make the world a better place.7. Behavior AnalystMake the world a better place one person at a time. A whopping 94% of analysts report that they find their job meaningful and fulfilling. Work one on one with clients to make their lives better on a very personal level.8. Social WorkerEngage with people and help them out of tough situations. You’ll provide physical and ps ychosocial support and improve people’s lives by helping them to cope with their most major problems- things like domestic violence, abuse, neglect- and help them acquire treatment.9. ActivistIt’s a mad world out there- and lots of â€Å"little guys† need the strong to speak for them. Be a voice for positive change in the world. Help create awareness and compassion for causes most people might not think about or understand.10. Ethics OfficerHold the business world accountable to standards of humanity. You’ll be helping to make sure companies run smoothly and efficiently, but also making sure corners aren’t being cut that will compromise what’s right and good in the world. Make sure the company is honest and help them negotiate tricky spots and problems without sacrificing principles.

Current Event HR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Current Event HR - Essay Example According to the author, the term 'human resource' dates back to the beginning of the 20th century when people were literally considered capital assets. However, times have changed and so do a perception of employees. Nevertheless, the author claims that a change in perception appears to be a subject of dispute since the same term is used by a vast majority of companies till present. The most interesting aspect of the article for me is a question if a perception of employees actually changed over time or not? The author seems to be stuck in between being not able to say for sure if transformation of job titles is an outcome of changes of the perception, or a push promising those changes in the nearest future. It is not subject to debate that employers no longer see their employees as capital assets, but still we cannot be sure that our society has already reached a point where a people-centric approach is considered the only acceptable one. The author refers to examples involving suc h world recognized companies as Google, LinkdIn, Cisco, and Walmart in order to demonstrate an extent of transformation discussed in the article. Taking into account that the companies he names are believed to be so-called trend setters within a global business community, the author makes a logic conclusion that a lot of positive changes have already happen and even more of them are about to come. To my point of view, the subject discussed in the paper is of a greater importance than it may seem at first glance.

Schizophrenia Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Schizophrenia - Article Example Positive Symptoms include delusions and hallucinations because the patient has lost touch with reality in certain important ways. Delusions cause the patient to believe that people are reading their thoughts or plotting against them, that others are secretly monitoring and threatening them, or that they can control other peoples minds. Hallucinations cause people to hear or see things that are not there. Disorganized Symptoms include confused thinking and speech, and behavior that do not make sense. For instance, people with schizophrenia sometimes have trouble communicating in coherent sentences or carrying on conversations with others; move more slowly, repeat rhythmic gestures or make movements such as walking in circles or pacing; and have difficulty making sense of everyday sights, sounds and feelings. Negative Symptoms include emotional flatness or lack of expression, an inability to start and follow through with activities, speech that is brief and lacks content, and a lack of pleasure or interest in life (NAMI, 2006). The older standard (‘Typical’) anti-psychotic drugs, though effective, are associated with a range of distressing side-effects which can result in constant twitching/fidgeting, writhing and disjointed movements. However, newer (‘Atypical’) anti-psychotic drugs are designed to offer control of symptoms and less of these disabling side-effects. National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), , Schizophrenia (2006) 4 December 2006.

Minimizing the risk of cold stress and thermoregulation in neonatal Essay

Minimizing the risk of cold stress and thermoregulation in neonatal children - Essay Example Any deviation from the normal values will influence the biochemical processes and will disturb the natural homeostasis presents within the cells of the human organism. The temperature of the body is divided in two parts: the temperature of the internal organs, known as the core temperature, and skin temperature. The temperature of the internal organs remains almost exactly constant, within a variation of 0.6 0C. Nevertheless, many healthy people whose temperature has been measured orally have shown a range of normal temperatures, varying from under 36 0C to over 37.5 0C. The average normal temperature of the internal organs is considered to be within the range of 36.6 to 37.5 0C if it's measured orally and 1 0C if it's measured rectally. Since the temperature regulatory systems of the body are not perfect, the body temperature varies in different situations, such as extreme exercise and extremes of temperature of surroundings. For example, during exercise, when excessive heat is produced, the temperature of the body can rise temporarily to as high as 38.5 to 40 0C. On the other hand, when the body is subjected to extreme cold, the temperature of t he body can often fall below 36 0C. The skin temperature, on the other hand, constantly varies, depending on the surroundings. This temperature is important when we take into account the ability of the skin to lose heat to the surroundings. As was stated before, the body's perfect functioning is dependent on maintain the balance, or homeostasis, in the organism. The control of body temperature is no different; in essence, it represents a balance between heat production of the body and heat loss. Logically, the rate of heat production that increases more than the loss of heat leads to elevated temperature of the body. If the loss of heat is greater, lowering of body temperature occurs. Heat production represents the principal by-product of metabolism. There are various factors that determine the rate of heat production, and these factors combined are named the metabolic rate of the body. According to Guyton and Hall (2000, p.822) the most important factors are the following: 1) Basal rate of metabolism of all the cells of the body 2) Extra rate of metabolism as a result of muscle contraction (this includes muscle contractions caused by shivering) 3) Extra metabolism caused by the effect of thyroxin (and to a smaller extend other hormones like growth hormone and testosterone) 4) Extra metabolism caused by the effect of epinephrine, norepinephrine and the sympathetic stimulation of the cells. 5) Extra metabolism caused by increased chemical activity in the cells, especially when the cell temperature increases. The main generators of heat in the body represent the internal organs, especially the liver, brain and heart, and in the skeletal muscles during exercise. From these organs the heat is transferred to the skin, where it is lost to the air and other surroundings. According to Guyton and Hall (2000, p.822) the rate at which the body heat is lost is determined by two factors: 1) How rapidly heat can be conducted from where it is produced in the body core to the skin 2) How rapidly heat can then be transferred from the skin to the surroundings. The insulator system of the body, that prevents the heat from

Personal Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Personal Philosophy - Essay Example It is an imperative effort to ensure a keen and meticulous understanding of the behaviour and inclinations of infants and toddlers in order to come up with more effective and profound methods and approaches of providing learning and care to infants and toddlers. This piece of article shall present a personal philosophy that will concentrate more on the different topics related to infant and toddler learning and care. It shall provide relatively intended recommendations on how to improve the existing methods of training up infants and toddlers. This shall discuss on the manifold factors that affect and influence the learning process and care involving infants and toddlers. Also, an elaboration on child’s important participation in carrying out the steps drawn out from the personal philosophy will be provided as well. It is my ardent belief that early childhood development learning and care should be provided at places wherein these young individuals will be given the ability to hook up with the world and would trigger their earliest possible environmental consciousness that will help them to grow and improve their learning process. It is highly important that while infants and toddlers need to make a connection with the natural world most on their own, it is likewise important to make sure that training centers for infants and toddlers should provide an environment that is safe, amicable and full of love and care. They should be exposed in an environment where they can feel that they are loved and cared. The eventual or future personality and attitude of our children is heavily contingent to how they were trained when they were still young. Seen this way, it would be a significant step to employ a type of teaching that would help them develop their self-confidence that will surely help them beco me active learners. It is my

Manager of a company Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Manager of a company - Assignment Example When it comes to organization in the company, the manager is in charge, be it getting parts to be used in the manufacturing department or distribution of finances and resources to all the departments which is facilitated by the finances and human resources departments. The company has an information system that helps the management know the number of employees in each department and required for each shift; night and day shifts. When it comes to management it’s mostly about leadership though these are two different activities; management of employees and the company resources is led by the top level manager. The manager supervises all the activities through the various departmental leaders; moreover, knowing and listening to our employees needs, ideas and suggestions have a great impact on the leadership of our company. Controlling is mostly about guaranteeing whether as an organization we have achieved our objectives and met our goals; this is done by evaluating the situation of the company after the duration set in the objectives or plan. Evaluation is mainly about comparing the cost and the output/benefits/performance of the organization ie no of motorbikes sold, their cost of manufacturing and profit. Noticeably, the management shares this information with the employees, giving copies of this information to all the departments and discussing the different figures; this builds a sense of trust, feeling of involvement and team work for the employees. By implementing these four functions in managing the HD Cycles company, it is clearly understood by the top level management that it’s all about these functions in all the organization’s departments. The HD cycles company has an overall number of 100 employees and five departments/branches i.e. finances, human resources, sales, manufacturing and employee welfare departments. Management is

Personal Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Personal Philosophy - Essay Example It is an imperative effort to ensure a keen and meticulous understanding of the behaviour and inclinations of infants and toddlers in order to come up with more effective and profound methods and approaches of providing learning and care to infants and toddlers. This piece of article shall present a personal philosophy that will concentrate more on the different topics related to infant and toddler learning and care. It shall provide relatively intended recommendations on how to improve the existing methods of training up infants and toddlers. This shall discuss on the manifold factors that affect and influence the learning process and care involving infants and toddlers. Also, an elaboration on child’s important participation in carrying out the steps drawn out from the personal philosophy will be provided as well. It is my ardent belief that early childhood development learning and care should be provided at places wherein these young individuals will be given the ability to hook up with the world and would trigger their earliest possible environmental consciousness that will help them to grow and improve their learning process. It is highly important that while infants and toddlers need to make a connection with the natural world most on their own, it is likewise important to make sure that training centers for infants and toddlers should provide an environment that is safe, amicable and full of love and care. They should be exposed in an environment where they can feel that they are loved and cared. The eventual or future personality and attitude of our children is heavily contingent to how they were trained when they were still young. Seen this way, it would be a significant step to employ a type of teaching that would help them develop their self-confidence that will surely help them beco me active learners. It is my

Diversity and Belief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diversity and Belief - Essay Example The first aspect that Chaves discusses is ‘belief,’ the current trend towards belief is very different. Few Americans today are not enthusiast on a particular literal reading of the Bible as they did few years ago. And many are opting a diffusion of spirituality. One of the attribute that Chaves has described as the cause of lowering literal bible reading is due to education. Education system has been formulated with a very rigid curriculum that has cast aside the literal bible reading. The weakening in religion can also be attributed to the gradual drop of religious meetings, elderly congregation and less cohesive. In today’s world there is an increase of televangelists who are characterized with unending scandals and other disgraces that have surrounded a church like catholic. Most of the Churches that are likely to suffer this is the congregations that are more liberal, those that are conservatives seems to be affected in a minimal way. Chaves indicated that lo wer membership in liberal churches is not as a result of liberalizing ideas, on the contrary more people are to the opinion of liberal idea. A puzzling question regarding this thought is, are the liberal ideas religious or humanistic? One of the most amazing trend of American religion since 1970s is that conservatism and religiosity are embedded together. This a false sign that most people perceived since they thought that the force of religion was developing which was not the case. Another phenomenon that was perceived as a reason to dictate that religion was growing was the introduction of Mega churches, which focuses on crowds and programs. Many churches are not concerned about religious belief, they want to be perceived as huge churches with numerous followers.it is due to such reason that suggests that religion was developing gives untrue perception since only more people are

Pros and cons of online research Essay Example for Free

Pros and cons of online research Essay Technology Advisory Board is a leading international online marketing research and marketing consulting firm where engineers, scientists, computer scientists, information systems professionals, software developers, web developers, and executives in technology industries all over the world come to share ideas, opinions, and suggestions by participating in online research interviews and scientific surveys. The site also believes that respondent will learn as a panel member about upcoming technology trends and developments (since respondent have access to survey results giving one an opportunity to learn what one peers are thinking anytime). In addition, as a panel member one can earn extra cash by participating in an online survey or discussion and the amount depends on the length of the survey or discussion. The site also helps major international corporations, governmental agencies, and universities better informed about intelligent decisions relating to technology-related issues, new equipment and devices, and new software systems and services. The site faces a lot of challenges that will be discussed in the next paragraph. One of the obstacles to collecting information internationally from the panel members is the lack of consistency by the site information. Respondent have to update account each time he/she is to login into his account and the account information is not well documented. This can frustrate the respondent thereby hindering one of the objectives of the site in getting adequate views and opinions of respondents. The unavailability of the site services to all countries is another negative effect the site is facing as a global online research marketer. When some countries are restricted in participating, then I believe it is not a global marketing research marketer. In addition to the percentage of households without internet access in the world, technology advisory board must take the opportunity of reaching the remaining segment of people with access to internet through innovative ways of conducting the research. One option is to encourage the use of offline means of participating, since the online means is the only one used. Another option is using both the qualitative and the quantitative statistical models to get respondent views either offline or online. Lastly, technology advisory board can introduce offline e-mail survey which is inexpensive compared to the conventional online survey. However, the site makes use of the advantage of the versatility that the increased penetration of broadband offers online research marketers. In addition, the online survey is very fast in terms of getting speedy opinions and views from respondents. More importantly, online research marketers should develop marketing strategies not just from the findings of online research, but also the offline findings. What they can do is to encourage the introduction or use of the offline findings. They can do this by introducing new strategies in form of sending offline mails to panel members and require their opinions. In addition, they could introduce the use of feedbacks in their sites by asking respondents to give views about how the marketing research can be improved. On the other hand, both qualitative and quantitative research is needed before strategy can be defined by the marketers and this is necessary in forming new ways of improving online marketing research. In conclusion, the use of online marketing research has only being on the increased in the US than any other country in the world. I think this service should be encouraged especially in Asian, African and Latin American countries where it is believed marketers can capture demand in the nearest future. References Survey: Internet Should Remain Open to All. Marketing Memos: The Pro and Cons of Online Research Retrieved May 14, 2010, from http://www. consumeraffairs. com Technology Advisory Board (2010) Retrieved May 14, 2010, from http://www. technologyboard. com Consumers Losing Confidence in Online Commerce, Banking. Retrieved May 14, 2010, from http://www. consumeraffairs. com

Factors Influencing the Future Subspecialty Choice

Factors Influencing the Future Subspecialty Choice Ù†¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ´ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ Ø ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ «Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   Research Project Proposal Ù ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¶Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ÃƒËœÃ…’ Ø ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ·ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø ¥Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ § Ø ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ºÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø £Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€  Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¥Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¬Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Please, type either in English or Arabic * Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ £Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾: Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ « Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³. Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ «ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  : Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ « Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ´ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã†â€™ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ °Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   ÙÅ  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ´ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ « Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ Ù„ÙÅ  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ø ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ « Ù Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   Ø ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ø ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ºÃƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ « Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ³ Ø £Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€  Ø ªÃƒËœÃ‚ ®Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡ Ø ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ «. First name indicates the Principal Investigator (PI). * Second name is the co-investigator designated by the PI to assume all responsibilities, in case of the absence of the PI. NOTE: For principal investigator from other college/hospital (outside KKUH) please provide contact details: Office Tel. No. 0114777714 ext 40805 Email: [emailprotected] Mobile: 0544660000 Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ²ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã‚ ÃƒËœÃ‚ µÃƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Detailed Budget ** Ù Ãƒâ„¢Ã…   Ø ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ø £Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬   Ù†¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ °ÃƒËœÃ‚ § Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ « Ù†¦ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ÙÅ  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¬Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ° Ø ¥ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹ÃƒËœÃ‚ ·ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¡ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒâ„¢Ã‚ ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ µÃƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ªÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  :- 1- Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2- Ø ªÃƒâ„¢Ã‚ ÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ µÃƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ²ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ©. ** If the project is funded, please provide:- 1- Name of Sponsor 2- Details of the budget Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ®ÃƒËœÃ‚ ·ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ²Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © للØ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ « RESEARCH TIME SCHEDULE Ø ªÃƒËœÃ‚ §ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ® Ø ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯ÃƒËœÃ‚ §Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ © Ø §Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¨ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ «: 15 / 7 / 1435 Ù†¡Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â€š ¬ starting Date : 15 / 7 / 1435 1

Essay --

Hayanny Silva Coach Hansen Brit Lit December 13, 2013 Shakespeare Hamlet Insanity VS Sanity The Tragedy of Hamlet In the Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, by William Shakespeare, Hamlet an intellectual prince switches from sanity and insanity throughout the entire play. You can see that during the play when madness seems right, he puts on an "antic disposition (I.V.173). Nevertheless when Sanity proves to be the answer Hamlet returns to being logical. Hamlet claims he is "mad north-north-west" (II.ii.376), meaning he is mad sometimes and sane other times. Therefore, to reach his goals, Hamlet switches between sanity and insanity. In the poem, Hamlet switches to insanity to achieve some of his goals. Hamlet uses his insanity to conquer his obstacles. Hamlet is only insane towards his enemies and his enemy’s allies. For example, Hamlet attacks Gertrude verbally and physically, because she is an obstacle to Hamlet. Also, Hamlet kills Polonius and assures that Polonius is "dead, for a ducat, dead" (III.iv.25).When hamlet kills Polonius he feels nothing, no sympathy, no sorrow, and no fear. His insanity overcame him to the point that he would kill someone with not a hence of pity nor feelings. Hamlet gradually harms Gertrude with his words of insanity, while killing Polonius with his insanity. All of these two people, Gertrude, and Polonius, are Claudius' allies, and by harming Claudius' allies, Hamlet is harming Claudius, which is Hamlet’s goal. Death of his [Hamlet] father caused a fault in Hamlet's logic, and that fault forced the madness on him. Hamlet believes that Gertrude his mother has had an affair with his Uncle and actually aided in the slaughter of his beloved father. On top of that, Hamle... ... ideas that Hamlet is mad and that Hamlet is not mad. Readers and critics can agree that Hamlet is not a "man of action," but is instead a "man of reflection"-reflection that is concentrated on both himself and the world (Schucking 31).I believe it is Shakespeare's anger towards corruption and religion that makes Hamlet to fall into madness. â€Å"Finding a character in real life of a person endowed with so delicate as to border on weakness with sensibility too exquisite to allow of determined action â€Å"(Sylvia 13).While it’s difficult to point out the exact cause in Hamlet's life that lead to his insanity, one thing is for certain; he went mad, and the madness did to him what it does to everything that holds madness; it destroys whatever it touches. Insanity in The tragedy of Prince Hamlet over powered sanity which concludes that the entire play revolves around insanity

Marketing Plan of Julies Bakeshop Essay

Introduction: It’s been years since the Betterhalf Restaurant was giving birth of their food business. Betterhalf is a resto- bar food service industry located at the center of Veterans Medical Hospital that caters good delightful and deliciously taste foods to their target customers the Intern Students, Doctors, Nurses, Medical Representatives and especially Walk-ins. This restaurant ensures that each customer receives prompt, professional, friendly and courteous services and maintains the cleanliness of foods and well-comfortable ambience to their valued customers and employees. The restaurant also provides an affordable price to each of their meals and one of their best seller menu meals that their customers loved to eat at Betterhalf Restaurant are the Garlic Chicken with brown Sauce and a Buttered Chicken. For many years they served to their valued customers the opportunity they got from them was that each customers has a growth segment like for example the Medical Representatives wants a comfortable place for their meetings on their counterpart, the best place to be chosen was the Restaurant of Betterhalf because of the peaceful environment there that they can focus on. The clients can easily approach to the Chief Executive Officer or CEO of the Betterhalf Restaurant because one of the promotional strategy of the restaurant is through reservation because of they had a 3 functional room to used for holding any of activities of a clients. As of their financial aspects, Betterhalf Restaurant estimated net cash for each week is â‚ ±20,000.00 and for the whole month is â‚ ± 80,000.00.The profit of Betterhalf Restaurant is just enough to gave the compensations of its employees and the only reason why the CEO is still holding the business is because he is considering his social respons ibility to his subordinates. It‘s now seems that Betterhalf Restaurant may have been overly optimistic but it failed to anticipate several events in its marketing planning. First, when it rainy seasons their profit were decreasing 30% of its net sales that really affect to the expected income. Second, the location was the Betterhalf Restaurant built off seems that it is not convenient at all but it is â€Å"sadyain† by the customers and also the ambience was poor on good looking restaurant unlike others. Lastly, they had poor quality of promotional activities that cannot capture the attention of a customer. And to resolve their dilemmas or their lacking off on their business and to get a better roadmap to their success .We suggests that the company might have done a better job is a key aspect of making a better marketing plan to achieve their objectives including estimating the market opportunity, forecasting sales, determining the marketing programs or an promotional activities , developing and retent the customers good relationship towards the restaurant and ensuring the company’s product superiority to their valued customers.

LOOKING AT THE PRINCIPLES OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

â€Å" Corporate Administration is the system by which concern corporations are directed and controlled. The corporate administration construction specifies the distribution of rights and duties among different participants in the corporation, such as, the board, directors, stockholders and other stakeholders, and spells out regulations and processs for doing determinations on corporate personal businesss. By making this it besides provides the construction through which the company aims are set, and the agencies of achieving those aims and supervising public presentation. † â€Å" Corporate Administration can be described as a system of structuring, operating, and commanding a company with a position to accomplish long term strategic ends to fulfill stockholders, creditors, employees, clients, and providers with the legal and regulative demands, apart from run intoing environmental and local community demands. It leads to the edifice of a legal, commercial and institutional model. It besides demarcates the boundaries within which these maps are to be performed. †Need FOR CORPORATE GOVERNANCEAs we all know that in today ‘s scenario market forces are progressively replacing authorities controls, corporate administration is deriving prominence in a concern industry. Today corporate administration can be seen as a requirement for pulling financess from foreign establishments. Investors these yearss make certain that the company in which they are puting their principal is non merely decently managed but besides follow corporate administration. I t is regarded as a control mechanism that ensures the optimal usage of human, physical and fiscal resources for an endeavor. It addresses assorted issues faced by board of managers, top direction, proprietors, stakeholders and the society at big. Corporate administration patterns are a set of structural agreements that emerge in free market economic systems to aline the direction of companies with the involvement of their stockholders, stakeholders and the society at big. Corporate administration aims to turn to three basic issues: Ethical Issues Efficiency Issues Accountability Issues Ethical Issues as the name suggests relates to the job of moralss in concern. Corporations employ deceitful agencies to accomplish their goals.In order to exercise force per unit area on the authorities to explicate public policies the companies form trusts which frequently go against the involvement of the populace. Companies in order to derive trueness from clients may give payoffs or offer gifts to possible clients. Efficiency Issues are concerned with the public presentation of the direction. Management is responsible for guaranting sensible returns on investing made by stockholders. The issues associating to efficiency of direction is of involvement to the stockholders as their return on investing is at interest. Accountability Issues relate to the stockholders need for transparence of direction in the behavior of the concern. Features of corporate administration: Discipline Transparency Independence Accountability Duty Fairness Social ResponsibilityPRINCIPLES OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE:Rights and just intervention of stockholders: Organizations should esteem the rights of stockholders and in bend encourage stockholders to exert their rights. They can assist stockholders exert their rights by efficaciously pass oning information which is in an apprehensible signifier to them and promoting stockholders to take part actively in general meetings. Interests of other stakeholders: Organizations should acknowledge that they have legal and other duties towards all legitimate stakeholders such as the creditors, providers, employees etc. Disclosure and transparence: Organizations should clear up and do publically known all the facts and findings so as to supply stockholders with a degree of answerability. They should besides implement policies and processs to verify and safeguard the unity of the company ‘s fiscal studies. Disclosure of material facts refering the organisation should be seasonably and balanced to guarantee that all investors have entree to unclutter, factual information. Functions and duties of board: The board needs a batch of accomplishments and understanding to be able to cover with assorted ethical issues. It needs to hold a degree of committedness to carry through its duties and responsibilities. There are issues about the appropriate mix of executive and non-executive managers within a company. Integrity and ethical behavior: Ethical and responsible determination devising is non merely of import for public dealingss, but it is besides an of import component in hazard direction. Organizations should raise a codification of behavior for their managers and top direction that promotes ethical and responsible determination devising at all degrees of the organisation. Many organisations have besides establishedA Compliance and Ethics ProgramsA to minimise the hazard that the house goes against the ethical and legal boundaries.Issues affecting corporate administration include:internal controls and internal audits regulations sing readying of the company ‘s fiscal statements dividendA policy the independency of the entity ‘s external hearers and the quality of their audits efficient usage of resources made available to managers in transporting out their duties direction of hazard reappraisal of the compensation for the main executive officer and other senior executives the procedure of nominations of persons for places on the boardCASES ON CORPORATE Administration:Corporate GOVERNANCE AT THE BODY SHOPIntroduction:Anita Roddick is the laminitis of The Body Shop. She is one of the celebrated personalities who is engaged in Ethical Consumerism. She is actively involved in runs for environmental and societal issues including the runs such as Greenpeace and the Big Issue ( 2007 ) , Hepatitis C. She is an enthusiastic individual who takes an initial duty to do a vision to go a success and is a positive mind and an first-class determination shaper. The Body Shop is a world-wide known British concatenation of cosmetics shops. It was taken over by Gallic Cosmetics group L'Oreal in 2006. The Body Shop is distinguished for selling its ain line of merchandises which are produced in an eco friendly mode and are non tested on animate beings. The Body Shop considers the construct of corporate administration as their competitory advantage. Anita Roddick who is the caput of the determination doing organic structure of the company creates a value system non merely in selling its merchandises but besides in keeping a important relationship with all its stakeholders. The company has established a decently structured model in order to cover with corporate affairs. It has established a proper structured plan which is reinforced by company policies and other processs for proper counsel of the managers in transporting out their day-to-day responsibilities. The company has a clear mention usher to its concern operations and corporate administrat ion. This includes the care of the criterions with regard to the corporate administration in the corporation ‘s different sectors. The Board of the company consists of 10 managers out of which two are executive while six are non executive due to which there is a just division of duties among them. The board is in charge of taking attention of the company ‘s operations, assets, and its stockholders with a position of maximising public presentation. The Board conducts a monthly reappraisal of the company ‘s concerns in relation to its fiscal motions in order to guarantee the house ‘s competent operations. The company jurisprudence obliges the board of managers to carefully fix each twelvemonth, a fiscal study that needs to be accurate and dependable reflecting the true province of the company. The Board of Directors are besides responsible for the proper guardianship of accounting statements and guarantee that these records are precise and true. It is besides vested with the duty of safeguarding the company ‘s other assets every bit good as doing the necessary stairss in order to forestall complications such as fraud and other types of hazards. Apart from the board there are other commissions which are formed which have a well-established mention usher which besides discusses their responsibilities and their range of authorization within the corporation. The wage commission handles the lineation for the company ‘s wage policy which would be reviewed by the board. Furthermore, this group is besides responsible for the assorted wage bundles that are offered to the executive managers. The audit commission makes proper recommendations with respects to the company ‘s accounting policies every bit good as supervising fiscal control within the corporation. The company besides has a clear codification of moralss and all employees must conform to this codification. The codification of moralss includes a struggle of involvement policy to guarantee that cardinal corporate determinations are taken by persons who do non hold a fiscal involvement in the result separate from their involvement as company functionaries. The comp any besides proctors conformity with the jurisprudence and the planetary fiscal policies and patterns in the country of internal controls, fiscal accounting and coverage, fiducial answerability and safeguarding of corporate assets.Effects OF PRACTICING CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AT THE BODY SHOPWith respect to the entrepreneurship patterns followed by Anita Roddick, the company has been able to accomplish complete control of all the affairs refering the company and its stakeholders. The ego doggedness and duty to the responsibilities by all the employees of the company and their obeisance to the company Torahs and ordinances all of which have contributed to the development of the corporation as a whole. The Board has changeless belief in the fact that that all the informations pertaining to the fiscal information and other facts sing their operations that are presently being practiced are dependable. The authorization of the Board is clearly recognized within the company because of which it is able to hold a solid clasp on the corporation ‘s existent operations, stakeholders and its fiscal concerns. The well defined construction of the organisation and the committedness of the board towards the stakeholders and the community has proved the fact that the organisation can manage both its ethical and legal duties expeditiously. The company maintains good dealingss and unfastened communications with its investors. The stockholders are on a regular basis invited by the company on a regular footing to discourse trade updates. Furthermore, in one-year general meetings investors besides get an chance to run into the Board members. Private investors can entree the company ‘s web site for assorted services. The company has a good consideration for all its stakeholders be it past, present, or hereafter. There seems to be a really good defined model in the house ‘s corporate division. It has policies and processs with respect to fiscal affairs and operational concerns. Its processs for measuring different sorts of state of affairss that come up is surely good defined. Furthermore, they have ever maintained good dealingss with their stakeholders. And eventually, The Board ‘s authorization has ever remained unexcelled. Clearly, the above mentioned points turn out the strength of the company ‘s corporate administration construction. The failing of this instance is the fact that one can non ever be assured that there are no losingss or other mistakes which may ensue from errors and incompatibilities by one of the commissions or employees involved. In add-on, due to the presence of diverse cultural beliefs there can be internal jobs between the members. There are times when the stockholder is non given adequate information about the position of the company, particularly if that stockholder which holds a little portion in the concern. This happens when the board of managers do non supply value to their stockholders. Other negative facet includes the restriction of fiscal coverage processs which may decidedly ensue in uneffective corporate governance.AEthical motive AT THE BODY SHOPMotto: â€Å" Nature ‘s manner to Beautiful † Body store has invariably sought out fantastic natural ingredients from all across its Earth and strives to protect this beautiful planet and the people who depend on it. The Body Shop believes that concern has the power to do the right sort of difference to the universe. This rule allows all clients round the Earth to go militants The first cosmetics company to beginning harvested palm oil and present the ingredient into the beauty industry, working in partnership with a certified organic manufacturer in Colombia, in 2007. In 2008 debut of 100 % PCR bottles ( post consumer recycled ) Community Trade plan creates sustainable merchandising relationships with deprived communities around the Earth and provides indispensable income to more than 25,000 people. The Body Shop continues to raise consciousness and support for adult females across the universe affected by domestic force in 2008. Launch of Stop Violence In The Home run runs in more than 55 states and has raised more than US $ 4 million. In 2008campaign to raise consciousness of HIV and AIDS among immature people, working with MTV Networks International was carried on. The Body Shop has committed to go Carbon Neutral by 2010, guaranting that C dioxide emanations from the company ‘s nucleus retail concern worldwide are reduced to a big extent. The Company is committed to merchandising ethically. The sourcing squad is trained in ethical audits and trade with providers who abide by the Code of Conduct for Suppliers.Corporate GOVERNANCE AT NESTLENestle is committed to the following Business Principles in assorted states it operates in, taking into history all the local statute laws predominating within that peculiar state, cultural and spiritual patterns: Nestle ‘s concern aims, and that of direction and employees at all degrees, is fabricating and marketing the Company ‘s merchandises in such a manner so as to make value that can be sustained over the long term for stockholders, employees, consumers, concern spouses and all the other stakeholders. Nestle does n't prefer short-run net income at the disbursal of successful long-run concern development, but recognizes the demand to make healthy net income every twelvemonth in order to keep the support of our stockholders, maintain them content, and the fiscal markets, and to finance investings. Nestle recognizes that its consumers have a sincere and legitimate involvement in the behaviour, beliefs and actions of the Company behind trade names in which they have their trust, and that without its consumers the Company would non hold come into being. Nestle believes that statute law is most effectual precaution of responsible behavior. Nestle is witting of the fact that the success of a company is a contemplation of the professionalism, behavior and the responsible attitude of its direction and the employees working in that company. Therefore, enlisting of the right people at the right clip and preparation and development are the critical factors in any company ‘s success. Nestle operates in assorted states and in many civilizations throughout the universe. The rich diverseness is a really valuable beginning for a company ‘s direction.National Legislations and International RecommendationsNestle emphasizes that its employees must stay by the Torahs applicable in the states in which it operates. Nestle ensures that the highest criterions of responsible behavior towards its client and the society are met throughout the organisation, by following with the Nestle Corporate Business Principles, which guides the Company ‘s activities and relationships worldwide in each sector of concern involvement. The company supports and widely advocates the United Nations Global Compact and its 10 rules, an enterprise of the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The Global Compact asks the companies to take up, support and enact, within their domain of influence, a set of nucleus values in the countries of human rights, the international labor criterions and the environment. The company besides recognizes the fact that increasing globalisation is taking to the development of more and more international recommendations. Although, as a regulation, these recommendations are addressed to authoritiess, they doubtless impact the concern patterns. Among others, Nestle has incorporated relevant International Labour Organization Conventions, and the International ( WHO ) Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes into its policies. Nestle endorses relevant committednesss and recommendations for voluntary self-regulation issued by competent companies in the same sector, provided they have been developed in full audience with the parties concerned. These include the International Chamber of Commerce ( ICC ) Business Charter for Sustainable Development. Besides, Nestle uses the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, approved in June 2000, as a mention point for its Corporate Business Principles.Corporate GOVERNANCE FAILURESWORLDCOM BANKRUPCYWorldCom the universe ‘s 2nd largest telecommunication company had filed for bankruptcy in the twelvemonth 2002 in Manhattan after the revelation of monolithic accounting abnormalities. The divergences from corporate behavior happened because of the Board of managers who failed to acknowledge, and to cover efficaciously with, maltreatments reflecting what was identified as a â€Å" civilization of greed † within the corporation ‘s top direction. Others resulted from a failure of responsible individuals within the company to carry through their fiducial duties to stockholders. Another lending factor was a deficiency of transparence between senior direction and the Company ‘s Board of Directors. There was a complete dislocation of corporate administration. The cheques and balances intended to forestall error and abnormalities failed to run. The cheques did n't balance and the balances did n't fit. The existent fraud which took topographic point in WorldCom consisted of a figure of â€Å" topside accommodations † to accounting entries to shore up up worsening net incomes. Largely these comprised of improper drawdowns of militias accumulated from its acquisition plan and other beginnings and improper capitalisation of costs which should hold been expensed for. While WorldCom has non completed the restatement of its financials, the company overstated its income by about $ 11 billion, overstated its balance sheet by about $ 75 billion and, as a consequence, caused losingss in the stockholder value of every bit much as $ 250 billion, a important sum of which affected the employee retirement financess. During the 1990s, favourable market positions of WorldCom was sustained by a series of acquisitions. The company was in an almost-constant acquisition during this period. This generated great force per unit area to maintain the stock monetary values high in order to fuel the acquisition fling and to supply moneymaking cash-outs for executive stock options. To make this, the company had to run into Wall Street ‘s net incomes outlooks, but when, in 2000, a proposed amalgamation with Sprint was disapproved by the authorities and the telecommunications roar came to an terminal, WorldCom net incomes began to steal. Management foremost sought to use its aggressive accounting techniques to better its gnawing fiscal image. But when these were exhausted, the direction resorted to false entries to bring forth what could portray as echt net incomes and enable them to do the Numberss and sustain the image of a company go oning to run into Wall Street ‘s net incomes marks. As a conseq uence, during the last 13 quarters prior to bankruptcy, the Company systematically reported that it met those marks, but the fact was it missed them in 11 out of 13 of those quarters and, in the last four quarters, really should hold reported losingss. The balloon eventually collapsed in 2002 when internal hearers eventually fingered significant impropernesss and the top functionaries were fired or resigned, net incomes were restated, SEC and condemnable probes had been initiated which resulted in bankruptcy. The company ‘s attack to trades was wholly adhoc and with small meaningful or consistent strategic planning. The board used to O.K. billion dollar trades with no treatment or really less treatments. WorldCom direction or the Board of Directors ne'er even bothered to supervise the Company ‘s debt degree and its ability to fulfill its outstanding duties. WorldCom ‘s issue of more than $ 25 billion in debt securities in the four old ages predating its bankruptcy was clearly facilitated by its immense accounting fraud which allowed it to falsely stand for itself as creditworthy. The Board once more passively used to acquire the proposals approved through consentaneous consent declarations which were adopted with really small or no treatment. The compensation commission of the Board agreed to supply tremendous loans and a separate guarantee for Mr. Ebbers ( manager ) without ab initio informing the full Board or taking appropriate stairss to protect the Company. The Board was besides considered at mistake for non raising any inquiries about the loans following, without meaningful consideration, the recommendations of the compensation commission. Another ground was the absence of internal controls as a cause of this fiasco was the deficiency of transparence between senior direction and the Board of Directors at WorldCom. A civilization and internal procedures that discourage or forbid scrutiny and comprehensive inquiring are engendering evidences for deceitful misbehaviors. In conformity with the accounting abnormalities, these defects created the semblance that WorldCom was far more healthy and successful than it really was. The audit commission of the Board failed to invent a work program with the internal hearers and the outside comptrollers. The internal audit operation within the company was intentionally diverted off from scrutinizing duties and forced to concentrate upon increased efficiencies and cost film editing alternatively of internal policy framing. Furthermore, it was short-handed, underpaid and under-qualified for transporting out a responsible internal audit map. The company unsuitably styled some $ 20 billion deserving duties by its subordinates to itself as alleged â€Å" royalties † for what WorldCom designated as â€Å" direction foresight † that is, the subordinates were supposed to hold the advantage of WorldCom ‘s â€Å" direction foresight † for which they would pay a fine-looking fee. These â€Å" royalty † sums were accounted in a manner that drastically reduced the nonexempt income of certain WorldCom subordinates for province revenue enhancement intents. However, these sums, while they were accrued, were ne'er really paid to WorldCom.Reasons for prostration:Non conformity to Serbanes-Oxley Act Board lacked sufficient information to carry through its duties. WorldCom ‘s civilization was non by and large supportive of a strong legal map which prevented advocate from run intoing their duties to their corporate clients. Improperly aggressive accounting schemes were proposed by direction. With its ain overambitious schemes and flawed accounting, WorldCom besides fell victim to a oversupply of telecommunications capacity. Cheap and plentiful funding allowed companies quickly to construct transcontinental and transoceanic fibre ocular webs in the 1990 ‘s. The extra capacity resulted in lower monetary values for WorldCom ‘s services, which include phone service and the transmittal of Internet informations for immense companies. The filing for bankruptcy would alleviate WorldCom of approximately $ 2 billion of involvement payments in the coming following twelvemonth. Lower debt costs allowed WorldCom to vie on a stronger bridgehead with its challengers, affecting a likely price-cutting policy refering about the wider strength of the telecommunications industry. In April 2004, WorldCom emerged from bankruptcy and changed its name to MCI, which it acquired in 1998. Ironically, holding shed $ 36 billion in debt, WorldCom emerged from bankruptcy with a improved balance sheet than most of its rivals. It besides wound up with a corporate name respected for its radical attempts in telecom.A Corporate GOVERNANCE FAILURE AT ENRON On December 2, 2001 Enron, the so 7th largest corporation in US had filed for bankruptcy. It resulted in one million millions of dollars being lost, 1000s of people losing their occupations, and a big sum of employee ‘s retirement nest eggs had been wiped out. Billions of U.S. dollars had been concealed in the balance sheet of the company which had overstated its income by $ 600 million. The public presentation inducements created a clime where employees were required to bring forth net income at the disbursal of the company ‘s declared criterions of moralss and strategic ends. Enron had all the constructions and mechanisms for working towards good corporate administration. In add-on, it had besides framed a policy for corporate societal duty and a sensible codification of behavior on security, human rights, societal investing and public battle. Yet the job occurred as no 1 followed the codification. Impact on the Company ‘s Finance: Decreasing investor assurance ( negative ) Retreat to simpleness & A ; easy to understand theoretical accounts ( positive and negative ) . Increased call for corporate transparence ( positive ) . Review of hearer and adviser relationships ( positive and negative ) . Tax return to financial conservativism and patterns ( positive and negative ) Name for increased ordinance and examination ( positive and negative ) . Political radioactive dust on all degrees ( negative ) . The Board was found to hold failed in its responsibilities in the undermentioned countries: Fiduciary failure Bad accounting Inappropriate struggles of involvement Extensive undisclosed off the books activities Excessive compensation to the managers Lack of independency The job started off when the board of managers allowed the direction openly to go against the codification, peculiarly when it allowed the CFO to function in the particular purpose entities ( SPEs ) and besides the audit commission suspected false accounting patterns but still it made no effort to analyze the SPE minutess. So the hearers failed to forestall questionable accounting. Failure of Enron resulted as a consequence of a struggle of involvements that occurred the directors to move at the disbursal of the stockholders. Internal control steps besides failed to work. The action taken by Enron made a false visual aspect by misdirecting the market by demoing greater creditworthiness and fiscal stableness. Even after Enron ‘s failure the market for barters and derived functions worked without any breaks and worked as expected. The market did what it was expected to make i.e. to utilize repute as a agency for supervising market participants. Hearers failed because of non keeping their unity and independency in their working. The hearers commission had to proactively map and supervise the determinations to guarantee that a realistic position is presented to the users of the fiscal statements of the company. Enron created partnerships with nominally independent companies, some of which were offshore. This was fundamentally done to befog debt exposure and allegedly to cover losingss at Enron ‘s entity. Enron ‘s board members were misinformed and mislead. The significant information about Enron ‘s programs and activities were hidden from the board. The board had nevertheless failed in its oversight responsibilities. High hazard accounting policies were being followed. The company was found to be in non conformity of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Enron ‘s multi-billion dollar, off-the-books activity was disclosed to the Enron Board members and received Board blessing as an expressed scheme to better Enron ‘s fiscal statements. In fact, Enron ‘s monolithic off the books activity could non hold taken topographic point without Board action to set up new particular purpose entities, issue preferred Enron portions, and pledge Enron stock as the collateral needed for the trades to travel frontward. In the terminal, the Board knowingly allowed Enron to travel at least $ 27 billion or about 50 per centum of its assets off balance sheet. Enron ‘s board failed in its fiducial responsibility to guarantee equal public revelation of its assets and liabilities. None of the board members objected to this corporate scheme. Enron provided its executives with unreasonable munificent compensation. Stock options were distributed to all the executives in big Numberss. It was argued that the company used to make this in order to pull and retain the good executives.